It is often triggered by sudden, strong emotions such as laughter, fear, anger, stress, or excitement. Cataplexy-This sudden loss of muscle tone while a person is awake leads to weakness and a loss of voluntary muscle control.In between sleep attacks, individuals have normal levels of alertness, particularly if doing activities that keep their attention. However, sleepiness in narcolepsy is more like a “sleep attack,” where an overwhelming sense of sleepiness comes on quickly. EDS is characterized by persistent sleepiness, regardless of how much sleep an individual gets at night. Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS)-All individuals with narcolepsy have EDS, and it is often the most obvious symptom.Symptoms can partially improve over time, but they will never disappear completely. ![]() Narcolepsy is a lifelong problem, but it does not usually worsen as the person ages. If left undiagnosed or untreated, narcolepsy can interfere with psychological, social, and cognitive function and development and can inhibit academic, work, and social activities. This helps explain some symptoms of narcolepsy. Also, the muscle weakness or dream activity of REM sleep can occur during wakefulness or be absent during sleep. People with narcolepsy frequently enter REM sleep rapidly, within 15 minutes of falling asleep. Dreams occur during REM sleep, and the brain keeps muscles limp during this sleep stage, which prevents people from acting out their dreams. In a normal sleep cycle, a person enters rapid eye movement (REM) sleep after about 60 to 90 minutes. Other symptoms may include sudden muscle weakness while awake that makes a person go limp or unable to move (cataplexy), vivid dream-like images or hallucinations, and total paralysis just before falling asleep or just after waking up (sleep paralysis). People may unwillingly fall asleep even if they are in the middle of an activity like driving, eating, or talking. Narcolepsy can greatly affect daily activities. Many individuals with narcolepsy also experience uneven and interrupted sleep that can involve waking up frequently during the night. People with narcolepsy may feel rested after waking, but then feel very sleepy throughout much of the day. Sleep Disorders: In Depth.Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological disorder that affects the brain's ability to control sleep-wake cycles. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health. Night sleep influences white matter microstructure in bipolar depression. Interventions for Sleep Disturbance in Bipolar Disorder. Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy: an intervention addressing rhythm dysregulation in bipolar disorder. Sleep-wake disturbance in interepisode bipolar disorder and high-risk individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ![]() ![]() Ng TH, Chung KF, Ho FY, Yeung WF, Yung KP, Lam TH. Sleep Disturbance in Bipolar Disorder Across the Lifespan. As with insomnia, the goal of treatment is to best treat the underlying bipolar disorder. Nightmares: Vivid dreams, nightmares, and night terrors may also affect people with bipolar disorder. ![]() Treatment focuses on treating the cause which keeps them up at night.
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